Mill head



July 5, 1955 E. R. RUsNoK 2,712,273

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MILL HEAD Filed April 5, 1951 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN V EN TOR.

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United States Patent MILL HEAD Edward R. Rusnok, Chicago, lll.

Appication April 3, 1951, Serial No. 219,083

9 Claims. (Cl. 90-14) This invention relates to milling machines and thelike and more particularly to a mill head for use on such machines.

Various mill heads have heretofore been proposed which are of suchcostly, weighty, and bulky design as to greatly restrict their utilityfor various machining operations.

Furthermore with these prior mill heads, replacement of parts or varyingthe setting of the head relative to the work table is oftentimes anawkward and time-consuming step. A further disadvantage of these priormill heads is that the feed of the tool towards the work piece isrelatively slow and the sensitivity or feel of the tool during feedingis poor.

Thus it is one of the objects of this invention to provide a mill headwhich possesses great utility and is adapted to accommodate machines ofvarious sizes and shapes.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a mill head whichenables the operator to attain greater sensitivity of the tool and morerapid feeding thereof, thus resulting in improved quality of thefinished work piece and a decrease in the machining time as well.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a mill head which'may be readily adjusted to various angular positions relative to thework table.

t is a still further object of this invention to provide a mill headwhich enables various parts thereof to be readily disassembled withoutthe necessity of removing the head from the machine.

lt is a still further object of this invention to provide a mill headhaving means for accurately adjusting and Ineasuring the length of thefeed stroke of the tool.

lt is a still further object of this invention to provide a mill headwhereby the rotational speed of the tool may be easily and convenientlyvaried.

lt is a still further object of this invention to provide a mill headywhich is simple, compact, and lightweight in construction, inexpensiveto manufacture, and eiective in operation.

Further and additional objects will appear from the description,accompanying drawings, and appended claims.

In accordance with one embodiment of this inventiony a mill head isprovided comprising a housing adjustably mountable on the overarmextension of a milling machine and adapiedtoassumevaus-angular positionsrelative/tothe work table of the machine. Reciprocally mounted withinthe housingsis aquill in which is rotatably mounted a tool spindle.Spaced from the quill and swivelly mounten on the housing is aspindle-driving unit which is adapted to effectively drive the Spindle'only when in certain positionsof swivelsadjus'tinent.

F'or'a'nore complete understanding of this invention reference should bemade to the drawings, wherein Figs. l 2 are perspective views of themill head; Fig. 3v is a perspective View of the mill head shownangulariyy disposed with respect to the overarm extension of themachine;

Fig. 4 is a front elevational View of the mill head shown in a verticalposition;

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Fig. 5 is a right-side elevational view of the mill head shown in Fig.4;

Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view of the mill head taken along line6-6 of Fig. 4;

Fig, 7 is a horizontal sectional View of the mill head taken along line7 7 of Fig. 5 and Fig. S is a fragmentary sectional view of the millhead taken along line 38 of Fig. 6.

Referring now to the drawings andmore particularly to' Figs. l through5, a mill head is shown comprising a holising 10, a quill 11reciprocally mounted within the housing, and a tool spindle 12 rotatablymounted within the quill. Mounted on the upper portion of the housing isa spindle-driving motor 13.

The housing 1G is secured by means of a bracket 14 to the overarmextension or shaft of a conventional type milling machine 16. While thebracket 14, shown in this instance, is of suitable type for engaging theshaft 15,v it is to be understood, of course, that the bracket may be ofany other type depending on the shape or style of the overarm extension.The bracket 14, as shown, has a` split-collar 14 which is adapted to bebrought into hng ging or gripping engagement with shaft 15 by tighteningbolts' 17. As seen in Fig. 8, a stud 18 extends transversely from oneside of the split-collar 14. Secured to the end of stud 18 by means of aholding screw 19 is a disc 20 having the outer perimeter thereofinscribed with a scale 21 calibrated into degrees. The stud 18 isembraced by a splitecollar 22 forming a portion of housing 10. inscribedonl the surface of collar 22, adjacent disc 20, is an index` mark 23which cooperates with the calibrated scale 21 so as to indicate theangular disposition of the housing with respect to the stud 18. Thehousing 16 may be held in any fixed angular position relative to stud 18by means of a tightening bolt 24 which is threadably mounted on thesplit-collar 220i the housing.

Housing 10 comprises upper and lower sections 25a and 25b, respectively.The upper section 25a is in the form of a casing or guard and is mountedfor swivel adjustment on the lower section 25b. AsVv seen in Fig. 6, theupper section 25a of the housing is provided with a split-collar portion26 which embraces a sleeve portion 27 formed' in the lower section 25b.A ledge or shoulder 28 is formed in portion' 27 against which the collarpor tion 26` of upper section 25a abuts. The upper housing section 25avis held in various fixed positions of swivel adjustment by means of atightening bolt 29 which is threadably mounted into collar portion 26.

Disposed within the upper housing section 25a are a pair of cooperatingcone pulleys 30` and 31. Pulley 30 is connected to' tool spindle 12 androtates therewith. Pulley 31, on the other hand, is keyed to the driveshaft 32 of the motor 13'. An endless belt 34 provides the operativeconnection between the pulleys 30 and 31. The

relative speeds of the pulleys may be varied by movement of thef beltaxially along the periphery of the pulleys.

Motor 1-3 is of a conventional reversible type and is mountedeccentrically on a bearing plate 38. The plate 38 is swivelly mounted onarim portion 35 formed on upper housing section 25a. The rim portion 35is provided With a countersunk opening 36 in which is swivelly mountedbearing plate 38. The outer peripheral surface of plate 38 is providedwith a flange 39 which rests on shoulder 37 formed within opening 36, asseen in Fig. 6. The center portion 39 enable the motor driveshaft 32 toexten-d The cutout center portion 39' is oversized thereby reducingtheweight of the plate. The plate 38 is held in various positions of swiveladjustment relative to rim pot'- tion 35 by means'of a holding screw 40.The screw iS disposed perpendicular with respect to the axis of thetherethrough.

motor 13 and is threadably mounted into a tapped hole` of plate' 38- iscut ont so as to` formed in the rim portion 35 of the upper housingsection a, see Fig. 4. A plug 41 is 4disposed within the tapped holebetween the end of screw 40 and the outer peripheral surface of plate38. A plurality of plate holding washers 42 are disposed uniformly aboutthe upper side of the rim portion and are secured thereto by means ofscrews 44.

Motor 13 is mounted on plate 38 by means of bolts 45. A spacer sleeve 46embraces the shank of each bolt 45 and is disposed between plate 38 andthe underside of the motor 13. The length of the sleeves is dependentupon the length of the motor shaft 32, so that the cone pulley 31 may beproperly aligned with respect to pulley 30. The motor 13, as heretoforementioned, is positioned on the plate 3S so that the axis of the motorshaft 32 is disposed eccentrically with respect to the axis of rotationof plate 38, as seen in Fig. 7. Thus, due to the eccentric positioningof the motor shaft 32, the belt 34 may be readily slackened by the boltbeing Unthreaded and the plate 38 rotated in a clockwise direction withrespect to rim portion 35. While the belt is in a slackened condition,it may be adjusted axially along the pulleys until the belt ispositioned within the proper peripheral grooves of the pulleys. When thebelt is so positioned, the plate 38 is rotated in a counterclockwisedirection until the belt is taut, whereupon the bolt is tightened an-dthe plate remains in its counterclockwise position. ln what groove thebelt is to be positioned depends upon the speed of the tool spindledesired. Sufficient clearance is provided between the pulleys 30 and 31,and

the portion of the upper housing7 section 25a above pulley 3b is open soas to enable the belt 34 to be readily removed from the pulleys whendesired. Also, Windows are provided in the sides of upper housingsection 25a, so that the operator may readily determine in what pulleygrooves the belt is positioned.

The quill 11 comprises an elongated sleeve 47 which is disposed within asuitable opening formed in the lower section 2512 of housing 10, as seenin Fig. 6. Projecting transversely from one side of sleeve 47 is a gaugestud 50 which extends through an elongated slot 51 formed in housingsection 25h. The stud 50 is adapted, upon movement downwardly of thequill 11 relative to the housing, to abut a gauge nut 52 which isthreadably mounted on shaft 53. The shaft 53 is in parallel relationwith respect to the tool spindle and is held between two lugs 54 and 55formed on housing section 25h, see Fig. 6. An elongated scale 4S ismounted on the lower housing section 25b adjacent slot 51 and inparallel relation with respect to shaft 53. The scale 48 is calibratedin inches and indicates the length of travel of the quill relative tothe housing. The gauge nut 52 has a micrometer scale 52 inscribed on theouter peripheral surface thereof. Thus the length of the feed stroke ofthe quill can accurately be determined by adjusting the gauge 'l nut 52relative to the scale 48. A lock nut 56 is threaded on shaft 53 beneathgauge nut 52 and holds the latter in its adjusted position. Projectingtransversely from sleeve 47 and positioned approximately ninety degreesfrom gauge stud S0 is a pin 80. The pin 80 is disposed within anelongated slot 81 formed in lower housing section 25h. The pin 80 andslot 81 will be described more fully hereinafter.

The quill sleeve 47 has mounted therein upper and lower ball bearings 57and 53, respectively. The end of quill sleeve 47 is countersunk a slightamount and is adapted to receive bearing 53. A retaining washer 60 isthreadably mounted into the lower end of quill sleeve 47 and holds thebearing 58 against the shoulder 59 formed by reason of thecountersinking. The inner ball race of each of the bearings 57 and 58 isin snug engagement with the tool spindle shaft 61.

The upper end of quill sleeve 47 engages a second sleeve 62 which issecured to the end of sleeve portion 27 of the lower housing section 25hby means of screws 63, as seen in Fig. 6. Disposed within second sleeve62 are a pair of ball bearings 64a and 64b. The inner ball race of eachof these bearings is in snug engagement with a drive bushing 65. Bushing65 is provided with an outwardly extending ange 66 which engages theupper side of ball bearing 64a. The bushing 65 is adapted to rotate withcone pulley 30 by reason of a key 67 disposed within a key way formedwithin the bushing 65 and the hub of pulley 30. The pulley 30 is held inplace on bushing 65 by means of a tightening screw 68 which is threadedendwise into the upper end of the bushing, see Fig. 6.

The tool spindle shaft 61 is rotatably mounted within quill sleeve 47and has the upper end 70 thereof splined, and in meshing engagement withcorresponding internal grooves formed in the lower end portion 71 of thebushing 65. Thus the rotation of pulley 30 is transmitted throughbushing 65 to the splined end 70 of the spindle shaft 61. The axiallength of the splned end 70 of the spindle shaft 61 is suflicient so asto enable the end 70 to remain in meshing relation with the lowerportion 71 of the bushing 65 when the quill is in its fully extendedposition relative to the lower housing section 25b.

The upper ball bearing 57 which is disposed within quill sleeve 47 isheld in a longitudinally spaced relation with respect to bearing 58 byreason of a spacer piece 73. Bearing 57 is held against the spacer piece73 by a lock nut 72 which is threaded onto a portion 72 of the spindle.The lower or exposed end of the spindle shaft 61 is provided with anaxial bore 74 in which is positioned a conventional type tool collet 75.The collet 7S is actuated into gripping relation with respect to thetool 75 by means of a threaded adjusting nut 76. The locking of the tool75' within the collet 75 is facilitated by a lock pin 90 which ismounted on the underside of the upper housing section 25a, see Fig. 4.The pin registers with a suitable opening 93 formed on the underside ofpulley 30, when the pulley is in proper rotational adjustment withrespect to the pin. Upon registration of pin 90 and opening 93, the pin9i) may be pushed into the opening the full amount, as shown. When thepin is in this position the pulley 30 cannot be rotated. Acircumferential groove 92 is formed in the shank of pin 90 which isadapted to receive a spring ball 91 when the pin is in its retractedposition. The spring ball 91 retains the pin in its retracted position.The spring ball 91 is mounted within a suitable opening 94 formed in theupper housing section 25a.

The lower end portion of the lower housing section 25h is split andprovided with a pair of lugs 77 through which is transversely threaded alocking screw 78. The screw 78 is provided with a convenient handle 78so that it may be readily manipulated by the operator. Upon tighteningof screw 78, the quill can be locked in any extended position relativeto the housing.

Pin S0, as heretofore mentioned, projects transversely from the quillsleeve 47 through an elongated slot 81 formed in the lower housingsection 25h. Pivotally mounted on the end of pin 86 isV a link 85, whichin turn is pivotally connected at 86 to a handle lever 87. One

end of lever 37 is pivotally mounted on the housing 10 at point 88.

Mounted on and extending transversely from pin 80- and disposedintermediate the housing section 25h and'V link S5 is an elongated stud82. The free end of the stud` 82 is disposed within a socket 83 formedin housing section 25b. Positioned within socket 83 is a coil spring 84having one end thereof engaging the free end of the stud S2 and causingthe quill 11 to normally assume a retracted position with respect to thehousing 10.

When required, the quill 11 and tool spindle 12 may be readilydisassembled from the lower housing section 25b without the housingsection 25h being disengaged from the overarm extension 15 of themachine 16. To effect removal of the tool spindle 12 from the quillsleeve 47, the retaining ring 60 is removed from the lower end of thequill sleeve 47 whereupon the tool spindle 12, including bearings 57 and5S may be withdrawn endwise from the sleeve.

Thus it will be seen that a lightweight mill head of simple constructionhas been provided which is readily adjustable to assume various angularpositions with respect to the overarm extension of the machine therebyincreasing the utility of the machine. Furthermore the mill head enablesthe operator to obtain greater sensitivity of the tool and more rapid`feeding thereof, thereby improving the quality of the nished work pieceand decreasing the time for finishing the work piece as well.

While a particular embodiment of this invention is shown above, it is tobe understood, of course, that the invention is not to be limitedthereto, since many modifcations may be made, and it is contemplated,therefore, by the appended claims, to cover any such modifications asfall within the true spirit andscope of this invention.

I claim:

l. A mill head comprising a housing, a quill mounted on said housing forlinear movement relative thereto, resilient means normally maintainingsaid quill in a retracted position, a tool spindle rotatably mountedwithin said quill, a quill-actuating element pivotally mounted on saidhousing, means operatively connected to said quill and to a point onsaid element spaced from the pivotal axis thereof for transmitting themovement of said element to said quill, a supporting member rotatablymounted on said housing, a spindle-driving unit mounted eccentrically onsaid member, and an operative connection between said unit and saidspindle being effected by the relative position of rotational adjustmentof said member.

2. A mill head comprising a housing, a quill telescopically mounted onsaid housing, resilient means urging said quill to normally assume aretracted position, a tool spindle rotatably mounted within said quill,a quill-actuating element pivotally mounted on said housing, meansoperatively connected to said quill and to a point on said elementspaced from the pivotal axis thereof for transmitting movement of saidelement to said quill,'a spindledriving unit swivelly mounted on saidhousing, means for locking said unit in various positions of swiveladjustment, and an operative connection between said unit and saidspindle, said connection being effected by the relative position ofswivel adjustment of said unit.

3. A tool-supporting device for use with a machine having awork-supporting surface and a supporting arm spaced from said surface,comprising a housing disengageably mountable on said arm and adapted toassume various angular positions relative to said surface, a quillmounted within said housing for movement towards or away from saidsurface, resilient means urging said quill to normally assume a positionaway from said surface, a handle pivotally mounted on said housing foractuating said quill from its normal position to a fully extendedposition, means operatively connected to said quill and to a point onsaid handle spaced from the pivotal axis thereof for transmittingmovement of said handle to said quill, means mounted on said housing foradjusting the fully extended position of saidgquillv-relative to saidsurface, a tool-Slgindle--rotataby' mounted .within said quill andmovable therewith, an apertured plate swivelly mounted on said housingand spaced from said quill, and a spindledriving unit mountedeccentrically on said plate and operatively connected to said spindlelfor actuating said spindle only upon movementfof said plate to variouspositionsof swivel adjustment.

' "44."A mill head comprising a housing, a quill mounted on said housingfor linear relative movement, a spindle rotatably mounted in said quilland axially fixed relative thereto, a quill-actuating element mounted onsaid housing for pivotal movement about an axis disposed transverselywith respect to the direction of linear movement of said quill,resilient means maintaining said quill in a retracted position, spindlerotating means fixed in saidhousing and in driving engagement with saidspindle, and meansoperatively connected to said quill and to a point onsaid element spaced from the pivotal axis thereof to effect linearmovement of said quill upon pivoting of said element.

5. A mill head comprising a housing, a quill telescopically mountedV onsaid housing and normally assuming a retracted position relative to saidhousing, a spindle rotatably mounted in said quill and axially fixedrelative thereto, a quill-actuating element pivotally mounted on saidhousing, resilient means maintaining said quill in a retracted position,spindle rotating means fixed in said housing and in driving engagementwith said spindle, and means operatively connected to said quill and toa point on said element spaced from the pivotal axis thereof to effecttelescopic movement of said quill upon pivoting of said element.

6. A mill head comprising a housing provided with an elongated slot, anelongated quill telescopically mounted within said housing, thedirection of movement of said quill being substantially parallel to saidslot, an elongated shaft fixed in spaced relation on said housing and insubstantially parallel relation with respect to said slot, an adjustablestop mounted on said shaft and adjustable with respect to said housingfor limiting the extent to which the quill can project from the housing,a stud mounted on and extending transversely from said quill, said studprojecting through said elongated slot and abutting said stop when saidquill assumes an extended position relative to said housing, and meansoperatively connected to said quill and housing for electing movement ofsaid quill.

7. A mill head comprising a housing provided with an elongated slot, anelongated quilltelescopically `mounted within said housing, thedirection of movement of said quill being substantially parallel to saidslot, a calibrated scale mounted on said housing adjacent to said slotand in substantially parallel relation with respect to said slot, anelongated stationary shaft mounted in fixed spaced relation on saidhousing and in substantially parallel relation with said scale, a stopthreadably mounted on said shaft, the relative position of said stop onsaid shaft determining the extent to which said quill can move relativeto the housing, a second scale mounted on the periphery of said stop andcalibrated in fractions of the graduations of saidv elongated scale, astud mounted on and extending transversely from said quill, said studprojecting through said elongated slot and abutting said stop when saidquill assumes an extended position relative to said housing, and meansoperatively connected to said quill and housing for effecting movementof said quill.

8. A mill head comprising a housing provided with an elongated slot, anelongated quill telescopically mounted within said housing, thedirection of movement of said quill being substantially parallel to saidslot, a calibrated scale mounted on said housing adjacent to said slotand in substantially parallel relation with respect to said slot, anelongated stationary shaft mounted in fixed spaced relation on saidhousing and in substantially parallel relation with said scale, a stopthreadably mounted on said shaft, the relative position of said stop onsaid shaft determining the extent to which said quill can move relativeto the housing, a second scale mounted on the periphery of said stop andcalibrated in fractions of the graduations of said elongated scale, astud mounted on and extending transversely from said quill, said studprojecting through said elongated slot and abutting said stop when saidquill assumes an extended position relative to said housing, and meansoperatively connected to said quill and housing for effecting movementof said quill, said means comprising a quill-actuating element pivotallymounted on said housing, means operatively connected to said quill andto a point on said element spaced from the pivotal axis thereof fortransmitting the movement of said element to said quill.

9,. A mill head comprising a housing having an elongated slot therein, aquill mounted on said housing for.

. spaced from the pivotal axis thereof to effect linear movement of saidquill upon pivoting of said element.

References Cited in the file of this patent `UNITED STATES PATENTS2,055,888 Yager et al. Sept. 29, 1936 2,126,990 Graves Aug. 16, 19382,178,130 Zwick Oct. 31, 1939 2,296,573 Richards Sept. 22, 19422,349,199 Richards May 16, 1944 2,359,295 Bok Oct. 3, 1944

